BASIC PRINCIPLES OF REINTEGRATION OF VETERANS: US EXPERIENCE

Abstract

The article finds out that reintegration of veterans into society is one of the main challenges for Ukraine in the context of the consequences of the russian-Ukrainian war. It has been found that successful adaptation of veterans is crucial for ensuring social stability, economic development and national security and the experience of the United States of America, which have a long-term system of support for veterans, is a valuable example for analysis and adaptation in Ukrainian society. The American system of reintegration of veterans is considered, which covers social, economic, medical and psychological directions that contribute to the return of military personnel and veterans to civilian life. The main principles of reintegration of veterans in the USA, mechanisms for supporting entrepreneurship, motivation of employers to hire veterans, as well as cross-sectoral partnership are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the regulatory framework, such programs as work opportunity Tax Credit (WOTC), and the adaptation of jobs for veterans with disabilities. The problems of the Ukrainian system of reintegration are outlined, in particular, insufficient financial support, limited access to education, bureaucratic obstacles, psychological barriers, weak information support and uneven regional development are indicated. The authors came to the conclusion about the importance of integrating international experience and developing a comprehensive veteran policy in Ukraine. It is noted that US practices, especially in the field of entrepreneurship development, can become the basis for increasing economic activity and the quality of life of Ukrainian veterans. Noted that due to limited access to funding and training Ukrainian veterans face challenges in creating sustainable business models. However, initiatives such as the Ukrainian Veterans Fund (active for funding and support from the Ministry of Veterans Affairs of Ukraine), started active work to support and develop entrepreneurship among veterans. Special emphasis is placed on the development and implementation programs for believers at the state level.