CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF THE TECHNICAL CULTURES MARKET IN UKRAINE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/pdau.eco.2024.1.7Keywords:
market, industrial crops, exports, production volumes, yields, pricesAbstract
The article analyses the state and prospects of production of industrial crops by agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. The economic and economic significance of industrial crops and the main directions of their use are investigated. Technical crops account for one third of all agricultural products produced in Ukraine. Among the key industrial crops, sunflower seeds, rapeseed, and soybeans occupy a special place. In 2022, Ukraine's oilseed exports underwent changes due to the military operations in the country and logistical problems. At the same time, Ukraine exported 5.2 mln tonnes of sunflower oil in 11 months of the 2022/23 season, which is approximately 40% of the total global exports. Ukrainian agricultural enterprises are experiencing a downward trend in the area under industrial crops, including oilseeds. This decrease may be due to both economic and climatic factors, market conditions, growing costs and other circumstances. It has been determined that a significant part of the enterprises engaged in sunflower production falls on farms. At the same time, the largest share of soybean production is accounted for by enterprises with a sown area of more than 2000 hectares. The main production of winter rape and kola (spring rape) is generated by enterprises with an area of 200 to 1000 ha. Yields show a clear dependence on the size of the harvested area, with an increase in harvested area contributing to higher yields. This may be due to economies of scale, better use of available resources, the possibility of crop rotation due to a large land bank, and the higher level of financial and logistical support of large enterprises. During the analysed period, there was a stable upward trend in average prices for the sale of industrial crops. Overall, the average price increased by 61.4 %. On the example of a separate agricultural enterprise, the influence of the period of sunflower sales on the sales price is studied and the reserves for increasing income from sales are determined.
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