INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF BUSINESS PROCESSES OF WATER TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The article examines the influence of external and internal environmental factors on the management of business processes of water transport enterprises under conditions of macroeconomic instability and structural transformations of Ukraine’s economy. The main external factors are analyzed, including the Logistics Performance Index, the volume of foreign direct investment, the Global Innovation Index, and the dynamics of foreign trade in maritime and inland waterway transport services. It is proven that the deterioration of these indicators limits strategic planning opportunities, complicates infrastructure modernization, restrains digital transformation, and reduces the competitiveness of enterprises in the sector. It has been established that military and political challenges, as well as the loss of part of the port infrastructure, have led to a significant reduction in transport service volumes and negatively affected operational efficiency. The study also considers internal macroeconomic indicators, in particular the share of transport in GDP, the inflation rate, and the industrial production index. It is substantiated that fluctuations in industrial production directly shape demand for freight transportation, while inflationary processes affect cost structures, tariff policy, and the financial stability of water transport enterprises. Regression models were constructed to quantitatively assess the strength and direction of the impact of foreign trade in water transport services and inflation on cargo transportation volumes. The results of the econometric analysis confirmed the presence of statistically significant relationships between these factors and the performance indicators of the sector, providing grounds to recommend the use of the models for analytical support of managerial decision-making. It is generalized that effective management of business processes in water transport enterprises requires the formation of a continuous monitoring system for key external and internal indicators, as well as the implementation of adaptive management mechanisms capable of ensuring sustainable sectoral development under conditions of high uncertainty.